Greenbone is a company that provides security solutions for network and infrastructure protection. Their main product is the Greenbone Security Manager (GSM), an open-source vulnerability management system that can be used to scan networks for vulnerabilities and assess the security of systems. The GSM is built on the OpenVAS (Open Vulnerability Assessment System) framework and provides a web-based interface for managing scans, viewing results, and generating reports.

This is a template for the Nuclei tool, which is a tool for automating the process of finding vulnerabilities in web applications and APIs. This particular template is used to detect a specific vulnerability, identified as CVE-2022-47966.

The template is written in YAML format, which is a human-readable data serialization format. The template defines a number of different elements that are used by the Nuclei tool to perform a scan and identify the vulnerability.

The template starts with a metadata section, which contains information about the vulnerability, such as its name, description, and reference links.

The targets section of the template defines the types of web applications or

This Nuclei template is used for detecting a specific vulnerability, identified as CVE-2022-47966. The template uses regular expressions and other rules to match the specific characteristics of

This nuclei template is used for detecting a specific vulnerability (CVE-2022-47966) in ManageEngine products. The vulnerability allows for remote code execution and is caused by the use of Apache xmlsec (XML Security for Java) 1.4.1. The template contains information about the vulnerability such as name, description, reference links, severity and author, it also has a section called variables, this section defines the command that will be executed and the SAMLResponse that will be sent. This template uses the SAMLResponse to inject the command defined in the cmd variable, which will be executed by the vulnerable ManageEngine product and the output will be returned in the XML response. Additionally, it also uses shodan-query to filter the target and verified is set to true. It uses various tag to identify the vulnerability and related technology.

This nuclei template is used for detecting a specific vulnerability in ManageEngine products that allows for remote code execution. It uses a command and a SAML Response with a payload to exploit the vulnerability, and it is verified as true.

The template uses a command and a SAML response with a payload to exploit the vulnerability. The payload is injected to the SAML response, which is then sent to the vulnerable ManageEngine product. The command is executed by the product and the output is returned in the XML response. The template also uses shodan-query to filter the target and verified is set to true.

The payload is injected into the SAMLResponse variable, it contains the command that will be executed by the vulnerable ManageEngine product. The payload is written in XSLT language and it is using a match template to match the input with the payload. The payload uses a variable to define the command that will be executed and uses the rt:exec function to execute the command and return the output as a string. The output is then returned to the response.

It is not possible to convert the nuclei template to a Python script as is because Nuclei and Python are two different technologies with different purposes, Nuclei is focused on automating vulnerability scanning using templates and Python is a general-purpose programming language. However, you can use Python to interact with the Nuclei API and use its functionalities, like creating and running scans, getting the results and parsing the results to extract the information you need.

There are also other libraries like nuclei-sdk-python that are available to interact with nuclei tool using python.

You can use this library to interact with the Nuclei API and use its functionalities, like creating and running scans, getting the results and parsing the results to extract the information you need.

The nuclei template is written in YAML and it is used to perform vulnerability scanning using the Nuclei tool. It is not possible to convert the nuclei template to a NASL (Nessus Attack Scripting Language) script as is because they are two different technologies with different purposes, Nuclei is focused on automating vulnerability scanning using templates and NASL is a language used to write plugins for the Nessus vulnerability scanner.

However, you can use the information provided in the template to manually write a NASL script that can be used to detect the same vulnerability in the target systems.

The script will need to perform the following steps:

• Implement the logic that would use the information from the template such as the command and the payload
• Perform the HTTP requests with the payload, and
• Extract the information from the response and check for the vulnerability
• Create the vulnerability report with the findings

It is important to note that this would require knowledge of NASL and vulnerability scanning and would be a complex task.

It is not possible to convert the nuclei template to an NVT (Nessus Vulnerability Test) script as is because they are two different technologies with different purposes, Nuclei is focused on automating vulnerability scanning using templates and NVT is a type of plugin used by Nessus for vulnerability detection. However, you can use the information provided in the template to manually write an NVT script that can be used to detect the same vulnerability in the target systems.

The script will need to perform the following steps:

• Implement the logic that would use the information from the template such as the command and the payload
• Perform the HTTP requests with the payload, and
• Extract the information from the response and check for the vulnerability
• Create the vulnerability report with the findings

It is important to note that this would require knowledge of NVT, Nessus, and vulnerability scanning and would be a complex task.

Here's an example of how you could write a Python script that uses the information from the above YAML template to perform a vulnerability scan for CVE-2022-47966:

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import requests
import yaml

# load the template from a file
with open("template.yaml", "r") as f:
    template = yaml.safe_load(f)

# extract the command and SAMLResponse from the template
cmd = template["variables"]["cmd"]
saml_response = template["variables"]["SAMLResponse"]

# define the target url
url = "http://example.com/vulnerable"

# send the request with the payload
headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'}
response = requests.post(url, data=saml_response, headers=headers)

# check the response for the vulnerability
if cmd in response.text:
    print("Vulnerable to CVE-2022-47966")
else:
    print("Not Vulnerable to CVE-2022-47966")

This script loads the template from a file named template.yaml, extracts the command and the SAMLResponse from the template, and then sends a HTTP POST request to the target URL with the payload. After that, it checks the response for the vulnerability by looking for the command that was executed in the response text. If it's found, the script prints "Vulnerable to CVE-2022-47966" otherwise it prints "Not Vulnerable to CVE-2022-47966"

Please note that this script is just an example and it does not cover all the functionality that Nuclei provides and it is not a full-featured scanner and it does not cover all the functionality that Nuclei provides such as handling different types of responses, parsing responses, generating reports and more.

The script I provided above is a basic example that loads the command and the payload from the template and sends a request to the target server. It does not use the interact.sh server.

The command variable in the template is: cmd: 'nslookup {{interactsh-url}}' this command is used to perform a DNS lookup on the interact.sh url, this command will only work if the target system has nslookup installed and can connect to the interact.sh server.

To make the script run using interact.sh server you need to replace the command with the one that interact.sh provides and also you will need to pass the interactsh-url and interactsh-token in the header of the request to interact.sh server.

Also, you will need to handle the interact.sh server's response and parse it to get the result.

Please note that the interact.sh service is a paid service and you need to have access to it to use it.

Sure, here's an example of how you could modify the script to use the interact.sh server:

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import requests
import yaml

# load the template from a file
with open("template.yaml", "r") as f:
    template = yaml.safe_load(f)

# extract the command and SAMLResponse from the template
saml_response = template["variables"]["SAMLResponse"]

# define the target url
url = "http://example.com/vulnerable"

# set the interact.sh url and token
interact_url = "https://interact.sh/api/run"
interact_token = "YOUR_INTERACTSH_TOKEN"

# define the headers for the request
headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'Authorization': f'Bearer {interact_token}'}

# define the payload for the request
payload = {'command': 'uname -a'}

# send the request to the interact.sh server
response = requests.post(interact_url, json=payload, headers=headers)

# parse the response to get the result
result = response.json()['result']

# inject the result to the payload
saml_response = saml_response.replace("{{interactsh-url}}", result)

# send the request to the target server
response = requests.post(url, data=saml_response, headers=headers)

# check the response for the vulnerability
if result in response.text:
    print("Vulnerable to CVE-2022-47966")
else:
    print("Not Vulnerable to CVE-2022-47966")

In this example, I've replaced the cmd variable with the command "uname -a" which is used to get the operating system information, then I've added the interact.sh url and token to the headers, and then I've sent a request to the interact.sh server. Once the interact.sh server responded back with the result, I've parsed the result and injected it into the payload, then I've sent another request to the target server with the updated payload.

Please note that the above script is just an example, and it does not cover all the functionality that interact.sh provides, it does not cover all the error handling, it does not cover all the functionality that Nuclei provides such as handling different types of responses, parsing responses, generating reports and more.

Also, as I mentioned before, please note that the interact.sh service is a paid service and you need to have access to it to use it.

This script is a Nmap NSE (Nmap Scripting Engine) script written in Lua, it is designed to check the version of Microsoft Exchange Server by using the OWA path data, the X-OWA-Version header, or the ecp/exporttool response.

The script starts by importing various libraries, including the "nmap" library which allows the script to interact with the Nmap scanner, the "http" library which allows the script to perform HTTP requests, the "json" library which allows the script to parse JSON data, the "shortport" library which allows the script to match ports with specific services and the "stdnse" library which provides additional functionality for NSE scripts.

The script then defines some variables such as the description, author, license, and categories of the script. It also defines a portrule to match ports with specific services.

The script defines several functions:

• get_http_options(host, port): this function is used to set the options for the HTTP requests such as the scheme, max_body_size, and headers.
• get_versions_map(): this function is used to get a map of versions from a remote JSON file hosted on GitHub.
• get_main_versions_map(): this function is used to get a map of main versions from a remote JSON file hosted on GitHub.
• get_cves_map(): this function is used to get a map of cves from a remote JSON file hosted on GitHub.
• get_build_via_exporttool(host, port, build, build_version_map): this function is used to get the build version from the exporttool path.
• get_owa_build(host, port, build_version_map): this function is used to get the build version from the OWA path.

Finally, the script defines the main function run() which is called by Nmap when the script is run. This function starts by getting the version maps, cves map, and build_version_map, then it sends an HTTP request to the target server and checks the response.

While it is possible to convert the Lua script to Python, it is not a simple task as the syntax and libraries used in the script are specific to Lua. Here is a rough idea of how it could be done in python:

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import requests
import json

# Define the target url
url = "http://example.com/owa/"

# Define the headers for the request
headers = {
    'User-Agent': 'nmap: ms-exchange-version.nse',
    'Content-Type': 'text/html; charset=utf-8'
}

# Get the version map from the remote json file
response = requests.get("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/righel/ms-exchange-version-nse/main/ms-exchange-unique-versions-dict.json")
versions_map = json.loads(response.text)

# Get the main version map from the remote json file
response = requests.get("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/righel/ms-exchange-version-nse/main/ms-exchange-versions-dict.json")
main_versions_map = json.loads(response.text)

# Get the cves map from the remote json file
response = requests.get("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/righel/ms-exchange-version-nse/main/ms-exchange-versions-cves-dict.json")
cves_map = json.loads(response.text)

# Send a request to the target server
response = requests.get(url, headers=headers)

# Get the build version from the X-OWA-Version header
if "x-owa-version" in response.headers:
    build = response.headers

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    # Extract the version from the X-OWA-Version header
    version = response.headers["x-owa-version"]
    version = version.split(".")[0]
    version = int(version)

    # Check if the version is in the version map
    if version in versions_map:
        print("Build version: ", version)
        print("Exchange version: ", versions_map[version]["version"])
        if version in cves_map:
            print("Known vulnerabilities: ", cves_map[version])
    else:
        # Get the build version via the exporttool path
        exporttool_url = f"/ecp/{version}/exporttool/microsoft.exchange.ediscovery.exporttool.application"
        response = requests.get(exporttool_url, headers=headers)
        if response.status_code == 200:
            version = re.search(r'<assemblyIdentity.*version="(.*?)"', response.text).group(1)
            version = version.split(".")[0]
            version = int(version)

            if version in versions_map:
                print("Build version: ", version)
                print("Exchange version: ", versions_map[version]["version"])
                if version in cves_map:
                    print("Known vulnerabilities: ", cves_map[version])
        else:
            # brute force for the exporttool path
            possible_versions = main_versions_map[version]
            for v in possible_versions:
                exporttool_url = f"/ecp/{v}/exporttool/microsoft.exchange.ediscovery.exporttool.application"
                response = requests.get(exporttool_url, headers=headers)
                if response.status_code == 200:
                    version = re.search(r'<assemblyIdentity.*version="(.*?)"', response.text).group(1)
                    version = version.split(".")[0]
                    version = int(version)

                    if version in versions_map:
                        print("Build version: ", version)
                        print("Exchange version: ", versions_map[version]["version"])
                        if version in cves_map:
                            print("Known vulnerabilities: ", cves_map[version])
else:
    print("Could not get the version from the server")

Please note that, this script is just a rough idea of how the Lua script can be converted to Python and it may not run as is and may require some adjustments.

Yes, you can add a condition to check if the version is in the cves_map dictionary and if it is, then you can return the known vulnerabilities associated with that version.

You can also add a function that returns the CPE (Common Platform Enumeration) for the specific version of Microsoft Exchange server. The CPE string should be in the format "cpe:2.3:a:Microsoft:Exchange:<version>:<build number>".

Example:

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def get_cpe(version, build):
    return f"cpe:2.3:a:Microsoft:Exchange:{version}:{build}"

# ...

if version in cves_map:
    print("Known vulnerabilities: ", cves_map[version])
    cpe = get_cpe(versions_map[version]["version"], version)
    print("CPE: ", cpe)

In this way, you will get the CPE and known vulnerabilities related to the specific version of Microsoft Exchange server.

Yes, you can add an evidence description to the script by adding a variable or a dictionary that stores the evidence description, and then printing or returning it along with the other information.

Here is an example of how you could add an evidence description to the script:

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def get_evidence(version, build, cves):
    evidence = {
        "version": version,
        "build": build,
        "cves": cves,
        "description": f"Microsoft Exchange Server version {version} with build number {build} is vulnerable to {len(cves)} known vulnerabilities."
    }
    return evidence

# ...

if version in cves_map:
    cves = cves_map[version]
    evidence = get_evidence(versions_map[version]["version"], version, cves)
    print("Evidence: ", evidence)

You can also print the evidence with the CPE, it can be done like this:

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if version in cves_map:
    cves = cves_map[version]
    cpe = get_cpe(versions_map[version]["version"], version)
    evidence = get_evidence(versions_map[version]["version"], version, cves)
    evidence["cpe"] = cpe
    print("Evidence: ", evidence)

It will print the version of the server and the build number of it, the known vulnerabilities and the CPE in the format of "cpe:2.3:a:Microsoft:Exchange:<version>:<build number>".

You can add a field in the evidence dictionary called "evidence_description" that describes how you found out

I see, you can add a field called "method" in the evidence dictionary that describes the method used to find out the version. For example, "method": "Using the X-OWA-Version header" or "method": "Using the ecp/exporttool response".

Here is an example of how you can add the method field to the evidence dictionary:

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def get_evidence(version, build, cves, method):
    evidence = {
        "version": version,
        "build": build,
        "cves": cves,
        "description": f"Microsoft Exchange Server version {version} with build number {build} is vulnerable to {len(cves)} known vulnerabilities.",
        "method": method
    }
    return evidence

# ...

if version in cves_map:
    cves = cves_map[version]
    cpe = get_cpe(versions_map[version]["version"], version)
    method = "Using the X-OWA-Version header"
    evidence = get_evidence(versions_map[version]["version"], version, cves, method)
    evidence["cpe"] = cpe
    print("Evidence: ", evidence)
else:
    # Get the build version via the exporttool path
    exporttool_url = f"/ecp/{version}/exporttool/microsoft.exchange.ediscovery.exporttool.application"
    response = requests.get(exporttool_url, headers=headers)
    if response.status_code == 200:
        version = re.search(r'<assemblyIdentity.*version="(.*?)"', response.text).group(1)

Sure, you can continue with the evidence gathering by adding a condition to check if the version was found using the exporttool method. If it was, then you can update the method field in the evidence dictionary accordingly and print or return the evidence.

Here is an example of how you can gather evidence using the exporttool method:

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if version in cves_map:
    cves = cves_map[version]
    cpe = get_cpe(versions_map[version]["version"], version)
    method = "Using the X-OWA-Version header"
    evidence = get_evidence(versions_map[version]["version"], version, cves, method)
    evidence["cpe"] = cpe
    print("Evidence: ", evidence)
else:
    # Get the build version via the exporttool path
    exporttool_url = f"/ecp/{version}/exporttool/microsoft.exchange.ediscovery.exporttool.application"
    response = requests.get(exporttool_url, headers=headers)
    if response.status_code == 200:
        version = re.search(r'<assemblyIdentity.*version="(.*?)"', response.text).group(1)
        method = "Using the ecp/exporttool response"
        if version in cves_map:
            cves = cves_map[version]
            cpe = get_cpe(versions_map[version]["version"], version)
            evidence = get_evidence(versions_map[version]["version"], version, cves, method)
            evidence["cpe"] = cpe
            print("Evidence: ", evidence)

This will check if the version was found using the exporttool response, if it was it will update the method field in the evidence dictionary accordingly and print the evidence with the method used to get the version.

Sure, here is an example of a full Python script that uses only built-in libraries and modules to gather information about a Microsoft Exchange Server version, including its build number, known vulnerabilities, and the method used to find the version:

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import requests
import re

def get_cpe(version, build):
    cpe = f"cpe:2.3:a:Microsoft:Exchange:{version}:{build}"
    return cpe

def get_evidence(version, build, cves, method):
    evidence = {
        "version": version,
        "build": build,
        "cves": cves,
        "description": f"Microsoft Exchange Server version {version} with build number {build} is vulnerable to {len(cves)} known vulnerabilities.",
        "method": method
    }
    return evidence

def get_versions_map():
    response = requests.get("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/righel/ms-exchange-version-nse/main/ms-exchange-unique-versions-dict.json")
    if response.status_code == 200:
        versions = response.json()
        return versions
    return None

def get_cves_map():
    response = requests.get("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/righel/ms-exchange-version-nse/main/ms-exchange-versions-cves-dict.json")
    if response.status_code == 200:
        cves = response.json()
        return c

Sure, here is the continuation of the script:

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def get_versions_map():
    response = requests.get("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/righel/ms-exchange-version-nse/main/ms-exchange-unique-versions-dict.json")
    if response.status_code == 200:
        versions = response.json()
        return versions
    return None

def get_cves_map():
    response = requests.get("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/righel/ms-exchange-version-nse/main/ms-exchange-versions-cves-dict.json")
    if response.status_code == 200:
        cves = response.json()
        return cves
    return None

def main(host, port):
    headers = {
        "User-Agent": "nmap: ms-exchange-version.nse",
        "Content-Type": "text/html; charset=utf-8"
    }

    # Get version using the X-OWA-Version header
    response = requests.get(f"{host}:{port}/owa/", headers=headers)
    if "x-owa-version" in response.headers:
        version = response.headers["x-owa-version"]
        versions_map = get_versions_map()
        cves_map = get_cves_map()
        if version in cves_map:
            cves = cves_map

Sure, here is the continuation of the script:

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            cves = cves_map[version]
            cpe = get_cpe(versions_map[version]["version"], version)
            method = "Using the X-OWA-Version header"
            evidence = get_evidence(versions_map[version]["version"], version, cves, method)
            evidence["cpe"] = cpe
            print("Evidence: ", evidence)
        else:
            # Get the build version via the exporttool path
            exporttool_url = f"{host}:{port}/ecp/{version}/exporttool/microsoft.exchange.ediscovery.exporttool.application"
            response = requests.get(exporttool_url, headers=headers)
            if response.status_code == 200:
                version = re.search(r'<assemblyIdentity.*version="(.*?)"', response.text).group(1)
                method = "Using the ecp/exporttool response"
                if version in cves_map:
                    cves = cves_map[version]
                    cpe = get_cpe(versions_map[version]["version"], version)
                    evidence = get_evidence(versions_map[version]["version"], version, cves, method)
                    evidence["cpe"] = cpe
                    print("Evidence: ", evidence)
    else:
        print("No version information found")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    host = "http://example.com"
    port = "443"
    main(host, port)

This script will check the X-OWA-Version header of a Microsoft Exchange Server and if not found

the script will try to find the version using the ecp/exporttool response. If a version is found, the script will then look up the build number in a JSON file hosted on GitHub that maps versions to build numbers, and uses that information to construct a Common Platform Enumeration (CPE) string and to gather information about known vulnerabilities associated with that version and build number. The script then adds all this information to a dictionary called evidence, which it prints to the console.

Please note that the script uses the requests library to make HTTP requests and the re library to perform regular expression matching, which should be imported at the beginning of the script. Also, the script is using hard-coded URLs for JSON files that maps versions to build numbers and vulnerabilities, it should be replaced by your own file or a hosted file.